International country and program comparator

Portugal

Portugal remains the most developed area of the website, organized as a single branch with sub-pages.

Overview

Membership in the European Union and Schengen area

Security and stability

Quality of life

Healthcare system

Education system

Business opportunities

Conditions for families

Main cities and regions

Tax system

Path to permanent residency

D2 Visa (entrepreneurs)

Intended for entrepreneurs and investors who wish to create or transfer a company to Portugal, developing their own business activity. Follows the standard country model, with emphasis on business plan, economic viability, and job creation.

D7 Visa (own income)

Intended for holders of regular passive income — pensions, rent, dividends, or other own income — who wish to reside in Portugal. Follows the standard country model, with emphasis on proof of income and means of subsistence.

D8 Visa (remote work)

Intended for remote workers, self-employed or employed, with proven income outside Portugal. Follows the standard country model, with emphasis on proof of employment or business relationship and minimum income.

Portugal: Golden Visa


Country presentation: Portugal is a member of the European Union and the Schengen area, with a high quality of life, mild climate, security, and a tax system with specific regimes for new residents.

Program name: Residence Authorization for Investment Activity ("Golden Visa")

Who it is for: Investors and families who wish to obtain residency in the European Union with mandatory minimum stay in Portugal, while maintaining flexibility for international circulation.

Benefits: Free movement in the Schengen area; inclusion of family in the same process; path to permanent residency and eventual nationality; reduced minimum stay; access to the healthcare and education system.

Investment modalities: Investment in investment funds or venture capital funds regulated by the CMVM, among other modalities provided for in the law in force.

Minimum investment: [Value to be confirmed with the legislation in force at the time of publication]

Requirements: Minimum age, absence of criminal records, regular entry and stay in Portuguese or Schengen territory, proof of the lawful origin of funds.

Eligible family: Spouse or domestic partner, minor children, dependent adult children studying, and dependent ascendants, subject to the legal requirements in force.

Mandatory stay: Minimum indicative average stay to be confirmed with the legislation in force (historically close to 7 days in the first year and 14 days in subsequent years).

Process: Evaluation → selection of fund or modality → due diligence → investment → submission of application → biometrics → approval and issuance of the title. See complete process.

Indicative time: Indicative estimate to be confirmed with the IFDR / competent entities, subject to variation according to the volume of applications.

Costs: Investment, government analysis and issuance fees, legal and consultancy fees, due diligence, translations, and legalizations.

Taxation: Subject to the general Portuguese tax regime; tax residency is only established with effective stay exceeding legal limits; individualized tax advice is recommended.

Renewal: Periodic renewal, subject to maintaining the investment and meeting minimum stay requirements.

Permanent residency: Possible after a legal period of continuous residency, subject to meeting applicable requirements.

Possibility of citizenship: Possible, subject to meeting legal residency requirements, including eventual proof of knowledge of the Portuguese language.

Main risks: Legislative changes; performance of the chosen fund; variable analysis times; market risk associated with the underlying investment.

Greece — Golden Visa


Country presentation: Member of the European Union and Schengen area, with a Mediterranean climate, competitive cost of living, and an established real estate market.

Program name: Greek Golden Visa

Who it is for: Investors seeking European residency through real estate investment, with no mandatory minimum stay.

Benefits: Free movement in the Schengen area; no mandatory minimum stay; family inclusion.

Investment modalities: Acquisition of property, with minimum amount varying by region.

Minimum investment: [Value to be confirmed — varies by region]

Requirements: Acquisition of eligible property, absence of criminal record, proof of origin of funds.

Eligible family: Spouse, minor children, and, under some conditions, ascendants.

Mandatory stay: No mandatory minimum stay for status maintenance.

Process: Evaluation → selection of property → due diligence → acquisition → submission → approval. See complete process.

Indicative time: [To be confirmed]

Costs: Property price, transfer taxes, legal and notary fees, application fees.

Taxation: Subject to the Greek tax regime applicable to non-resident or resident owners, as the case may be.

Renewal: Periodic renewal associated with maintaining property ownership.

Permanent residency: Subject to meeting applicable legal requirements.

Possibility of citizenship: Limited possibility subject to specific naturalization requirements.

Main risks: Real estate market risk; legislative changes to the program.

Malta — Permanent Residence


Country presentation: Member of the European Union and Schengen area, with political stability, widely spoken English, and a competitive tax regime.

Program name: Malta Permanent Residence Programme

Who it is for: Investors seeking permanent residency status from approval, without a direct and immediate path to nationality.

Benefits: Immediate permanent residency status; free movement in the Schengen area; legal stability of the program.

Investment modalities: Contribution to the State, combined with lease or acquisition of eligible property.

Minimum investment: [Value to be confirmed]

Requirements: Absence of criminal record, proof of stable financial means, health insurance.

Eligible family: Spouse, children, and, under some conditions, dependent ascendants.

Mandatory stay: No high minimum stay requirement for status maintenance.

Process: Evaluation → selection of property → contribution → submission → approval. See complete process.

Indicative time: [To be confirmed]

Costs: State contribution, lease or acquisition of property, administrative fees, legal fees.

Taxation: Maltese tax regime applicable to residents; individualized tax advice is recommended.

Renewal: Subject to property maintenance and continuous compliance with program requirements.

Permanent residency: Status obtained from initial approval, subject to maintenance of requirements.

Possibility of citizenship: Distinct path to naturalization subject to own requirements of prolonged effective residency.

Main risks: Legislative changes; real estate market risk.

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